Saudi Arabia Map
The Arab people have been known for millennia in the lands of the Middle East. Mentioned in monuments of the ancient Assyrians and Persians, they grew prominent in the early days of the Roman Empire.
The year 622 was one of the true watersheds in the history of the Middle East. In that year the Prophet Muhammad fled from Mecca with his followers to the city of Medina. Revelation came to the Prophet at the same time his conquests grew in number and, in A.D. 630, he took Mecca. By A.D. 640, Syria, Iraq, and Persia had been subdued. By the year 732, Egypt, Nubia, all North Africa, Spain, and Southern France, as well as much of Anatolia, were either directly in Muslim hands or under the influence of Islam.
Map: U.S. Central Intelligence Agency.
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